4 Present Tenses

Welcome to all my beloved readers!
ESP Educational Class
Mrs.ET Sopheak
Tel: 012289363 /0976469625

Essential Keys of Present Tenses

1. Present Simple

Form: Subject + Present verb+ Objective.

-Present habit

-General fact or truth

-Future timetable/ fixed timetable

-Adverbs of frequencies: Always, usually, sometimes, often, …

-State verbs

2. Present Continuous

Form: Subject + am/ is/ are + Verb-ing +Objective.

-A progressive action is happening at the moment of speaking. (Direct action)

-A progressive action is taking duration. (Indirect action)

-Future arrangement with future expression (adverb of time in the future)

-An action has trend or progressive situation. (Change or development)

-An opportunity or a program interrupts present habit.

-Definite future arrangement

-Adverb of “Always” mean “Very often” or “Happen too often” or “Bad habit” (Present routine)

3.Present Perfect Simple

Form: Subject + have/ has + Perfect verb + Objective.

-A past action in non- specific time has continued now. (2 points of time in the past to now or present)

-Present result by past- simple action is continuing to now.

-A recent past action has completed before now in a short time.

-Experience or souvenir

-Word expressions: Just, Yet, Already, Recently,… (In present time)

-Lifetime of alive person

-Past full- completed action now (100% completed action)

-Present Perfect Simple and Continuous are the same, but Present Perfect Simple with “State Verb” or “Long- time Verb” (2 points of time in the present)

4.Present Perfect Continuous

Form: Subject + have/ has + been + Verb-ing + Objective.

-A past action in non- specific time has continued now by time. (2 points of time in the past to now or present)

-Present cause or reason

-An action has been taking a progressive- action duration with “For” or a duration of “Present continuous tense”.

-An uncompleted- past action has still been continuing now.

-Present Perfect Simple and Continuous are the same, but Present Perfect Continuous with “Progressive Verb” or “Short- time Verb” (2 points of time in the present)

If you would like to improve your English ability, please contact me by 0976469625 / 012289363. You will achieve in what you want. I have easy and fast learning grammar as a special course, don’t worry your lateness in learning English. I can help you.

Thanks,
Mrs.ET Sopheak
Lecturer in Economics

Future Perfect Continuous

Dear all my beloved readers!
Mr.ET Sopheak
Tel: 012289363 / 0976469625

Future Perfect Continuous

Positive sentence: Subjective+ will/ shall+have+ been+ Verb-ing+ Complement.

Negative Sentence: Subjective+ will/ shall+ have+ not+been+ Verb-ing+ Complement.

Question: Will/ Shall + subjective+have+ been+ Verb-ing + Complement?
The Future Perfect Progressive Tense is used:
– To show that something will continue up until a particular event or time in the future
Ex: James will have been teaching at the university for more than a year by the time he leaves for Asia.
– To talk about something that finishes just before another time or action (in this case, in the future)
Ex:  I will be tired when I get home because I will have been walking for over an hour.
- Time Expressions Used with Future Perfect Progressive
-   By + this year/ month/ week
-   Next year/ month/ week
-   For + an hour, for 5 years
-   By then
-   Since morning, since 1995

-   By tomorrow

Thanks,

Future Perfect Simple

Dear all my beloved readers!
Mr.ET Sopheak
Tel: 012289363 / 0976469625

Future Perfect Simple

Positive sentence: Subjective+ will/ shall+ have+ Perfect Verb+ Complement.

Negative Sentence: Subjective+will/ shall+ have+ not+Perfect Verb+ Complement.

Question: Will/ Shall+ subjective+have+ Perfect Verb + Complement?

The Future Perfect is used:

– To talk about an action that will finish before a certain time in the future

Ex: By eight o’clock tomorrow, I will have taken off for Japan.

– To talk about an action that will be completed before another event takes place

Ex: She will have learnt Chinese before she moves to China.

– To express conviction that something happened in the near past

Ex: The guests will have arrived at the hotel by now. (I’m sure the guests have arrived at the hotel.)

Time Expressions Used with Future Perfect Tense

- By + …

-  By the time

-  Before

-  Until/till

-  By then

-  By the end of + …

-  By tomorrow 

Thanks,

Future Continuous

Dear all my beloved readers!
Mr.ET Sopheak
Tel: 012289363 / 0976469625

Future Continuous

Positive sentence: Subjective+ will/ shall+ be+ Verb-ing+ Complement.

Negative Sentence: Subjective+ will/ shall+ be+ not+Verb-ing+ Complement.

Question:  Will/ Shall+ subjective+be+ Verb-ing + Complement?
The Future Progressive Tense is used:

-  To describe interrupted actions in the future

Ex: When you come tomorrow, they will be playing tennis.

- To express actions in progress at a specific time in the future

Ex: At 12 o’clock tomorrow, we will be having lunch at school.

-  To refer to actions that are happening now and expected to continue some time in the future

Note: combined with “still”

Ex: Unfortunately, sea levels will still be rising in 20 years.

-  To ask a question politely about the future

Ex: Will you be bringing your friend to the party tonight?

- To emphasize  future plans and intentions

Ex: He‘ll be coming to visit us next week.

-  To describe atmosphere in the future

Ex: When I arrive at the party everybody will be celebrating, some will be dancing, other will be talking.

-  To express parallel actions or series of parallel actions in the future

Ex:She will be watching TV, and he will be cooking dinner.

-Time Expressions with The Future Progressive 

In the future;   Next week;   Next time;   Next year;   At this moment next year;   At this time tomorrow;   At 5 p.m tomorrow; …

Thanks,

Future Simple

Dear all my beloved readers!
Mr.ET Sopheak
Tel: 012289363 / 0976469625

Future Simple

Positive sentence: Subjective+ will/ shall+ Infinitive Verb without 'to"+ Complement.

Negative Sentence: Subjective+ will/ shall+ not+ Infinitive Verb without 'to"+ Complement.

Question: Will/ Shall+ subjective+ Infinitive Verb without"to"+ Complement?

The future simple tense is used:

-For Actions Decided at the moment of Speech

Ex: I have a toothache. I‘ll take a medicine.

- For Unplanned Future Actions

Ex: Winter will come soon.

- For Offering, Asking for a Request Promising, Ordering, Threatening

Ex: I’m afraid we will get wet.

- For Unpreventable Actions in Future

Ex: Summer will come soon.

- With Conditional, Time and Purpose Clauses

Ex: When I arrive at home, I will call you.

- For Thoughts, Predictions, Assumptions, Sureness, Fears about Future

Ex: I promise I won’t tell this anyone.

Thanks,

Past Perfect Continuous

Dear all my beloved readers!
Mr.ET Sopheak
Tel: 012289363 / 0976469625

Past Perfect Continuous

Positive sentence: Subjective+ had+ been+ Verb-ing+ Complement.

Negative Sentence: Subjective+ had+ not+been+ Verb-ing+ Complement.

Question: Had + subjective+been+ Verb-ing + Complement?

The Past Perfect Progressive is used:

-   To describe a past action, already started and continued up to another action or time in the past

Ex: The boys had been playing soccer for about an hour when it started to rain.

-   To express the duration before something in the past

Ex: Richard needed a holiday because he had been working hard for six months.

-   To describe the cause of something in the past

Ex: He was tired because he had been jogging.

- Adverbs of Time

  When;   Before;   By the time;   For;   Since; …

Thanks,

Past Perfect Simple

Dear all my beloved readers!
Mr.ET Sopheak
Tel: 012289363 / 0976469625

Past Perfect Simple

Positive sentence: Subjective+ had+ Perfect Verb+ Complement.

Negative Sentence: Subjective+had+ not+Perfect Verb+ Complement.

Question: Had + subjective+Perfect Verb + Complement?
The Past Perfect Tense is used:
- To describe an action finished before another past action

       Ex: Richard had gone out when his wife arrived in the office.

-  To describe an action that happened before a specific time in the past.

Ex: Christine had never been to an opera before last night.

-  To describe cause and effect (combine with Past Simple)

Ex: I got stuck in traffic because there had been an accident.

-  To emphasize the result of an activity in the past

Ex: I had been to London twice by the time I got a job in New York.

- Time Expressions Used with the Past Perfect Tense

Already;   Yet;   For;   Since;   Just;   After;   Before;   Until;   The moment that;  …

Thanks,